Stephanie/Edmonton: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 8:34AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Good morning Sandy! I'm half asleep now, but I'll still join the chat today. Do you know when the next challenge questions will come?

Sandy/NASA Chat Host: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 8:53AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Good Morning Stephanie! Thanks for the reminder about the next set of Challenge Questions! I'll check into it today and will get back to you. Can you send me your email address? I'm at sandy@quest.arc.nasa.gov Thanks :-)

Sandy/NASA Chat Host: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:00AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Hello Roberto! Glad you could join us today! The chat will begin in about 30 minutes from now. What time is it in Bucaramanga, Colombia? It is 9 a.m. here, 40 miles south of San Francisco in California.

Roberto/UMB: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:02AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Sandy: 11:03 AM

Roberto/UMB: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:05AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
I have many questions and I am very interested in Mars!

Sandy/NASA Chat Host: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:07AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Roberto: Almost lunchtime where you are! I'm glad to hear that you many many questions. You're going to enjoy chatting with Steve Lee; he's passionate about Mars!

Roberto/UMB:. . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:11AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Yes, lunchtime but Mars first. hahahaha

Vickie/Fitzgrald: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:11AM PDT
Sandy: or someone: Does JPL or NASA have a lesson plan for students to make a model of Sojourner like they have had in the past model making for Hubble/Space Shuttle? If so, I would like a copy so my fifth and sixth graders can make models of Sojourner! Thanks!

Sandy/NASA ChatHost: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:16AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Good Morning Vicki! Not sure if there are lessons plans to make a model of Sojourner, but here is the URL for the Sojourner home page. Perhaps you will find something there: button

Mavrick UNKNOWN: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:15AM PDT (-0700 GMT)Hey, why is this being held on webchat and not IRC, IRC would be 10X better :)

Sandy/NASA Chat Host: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:19AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Mavrick: The reason we don't use Internet Relay Chat is because most of the people in the K-12 community cannot run that client.

Mark Stokes: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:15AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Hi Sandy - Mark here from Inverness, CA.

Sandy/NASA Chat Host: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:17AM PDT(-0700 GMT)
Hi Mark! Glad to have you back :-)

Stephanie/Edmonton: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:17AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Hello again

Mavrick: . . . .Tue, Aug 12, 9:18AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
hi everyone!

Steve Lee, Univ. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:19AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Hi Sandy, I'm logged in, and ready to go!

Sandy/NASA Chat Host: . . . .Tue, Aug 12, 9:20AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Hi Stephanie!

Mark: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:20AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Thanks, Sandy! I've been really busy this summer so haven't had a chance to join the chats lately.

Sandy/NASA Chat Host: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:21AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
EVERYONE: Since Steve Lee is already here and ready to go, we might as well start this chat 10 minutes early! Steve is a member of the Hubble Space Telescope Mars Team; he is the surface expert. He is interested in the interaction between the surface and the atmosphere on Mars.

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:24AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Good morning, everyone! I'm ready to try your questions. I only type with two fingers, so bear with me while I fumble arround on my keyboard ...

Stephanie/Edmonton: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:26AM PDT (-0700 GMT). . .
Hello to everyone! It's gonna be fun chatting with all of you. Have any of you got the pathfinder action pack? I'm trying to find one here. I do have the paper model though.

Mark: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:26AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Hi Steve. Question: is Hubble helping you determine how Mars soil contributes to dust storms and muddies the atmosphere in general?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . .Tue, Aug 12, 9:31AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Mark: Good question about how Mars soil contributes to dust storms. Hubble is mostly helping us fill in questions about where and when dust storms happen; this will help alot when we try to figure out what the surfaces are like in areas where dust storms start. We think the surfaces in these areas are probably covered with dust and sand. Sand is easily moved by the Martian winds (like in sand dunes on Earth), and when sand moves, the finer dust is kicked up into the atmosphere.

Mark Stokes: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:32AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Thanks Steve! Good answer...

Megan : . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:28AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Hello everybody!

Mark Stokes: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:29AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Hi, Meg!

Bojan: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:28AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Good morning, everyone.

Sandy/NASA Chat Host: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:29AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Good Morning Megan and Bojan! Welcome!

Megan : . .. . Tue, Aug 12, 9:29AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Hi Steve! What's the average amount of dust storms Mars has per year? And, are they a daily occurance?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:34AM PDT (-0700 GMT). . .
Megan: We really don't know how frequently dust storms happen --that's an area where HST can help us. We typically look at Mars with HST about once a month; since last fall, we've seen some sort opf dust activity about half the time. We do think that dust storms are more frequent during summer in the southern hemisphere. We're heading into that season now, so may start seeing more dust storms. Hopefully, Pathfinder will see storms where it's located.

Mavrick: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:30AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
I know that the pathfinder mission is not for searching out life like the earlyer missions, however it can find the things nessisary for there to be life. Why was this landing site picked, instead of say the polar ice caps?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:36AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Maverick: The Pathfinder site was chosen to be a place with lots of rocks. This area is thought to have been an "outflow channel" --a huge flood (probably a billion or two years ago) washed lots of rocks and sediments through this area.

Stephanie/Edmonton: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:32AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Steve, what do you think is a probable way to get a master's for aerospace engineering and planetary geology (preferably in the shortest amount of time)?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:39AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Stephanie: There's probably alot of overlap in course work between engineering and the background needed for planetary geology. It's probably easiest to concentrate on the engineering work, and to take geology and planetary course as "electives" along the way, then to move over toward planetary studies in graduate school.

Vickie/Fitzgerald: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:35AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Stephanie:What's a pathfinder action pack? Does it enclude how to make a paper model of Sojourner?

Stephanie/Edmonton: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:43AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Vickie, there's a small toy version of the pathfinder craft on sale in the states. it's the mars rover action pack. You can get a paper model to build by going to www.jpl.nasa.gov then go to spotlight.

Megan : . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:36AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Ok, thanks! Do you have any idea why the dust storms are more frequent during the summer in the southern hemisphere?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:41AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Megan: During southern summer, Mars is closer to the Sun (it gets about 40% more solar energy than during southern winter). This heats the atmosphere more, and makes for stronger winds. This is all due to the fact that Mars is in an elliptical (egg-shaped) orbit.

Megan : . . . .Tue, Aug 12, 9:43AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Ok, thanks!

Roberto/UMB: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:36AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
one question : When the nasa will send a manned mission?

Stephanie/Edmonton: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:36AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Are there any dust storms brewing up that may interfere with the pathfinder mission?

Bojan: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:38AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
What is the best resolution of HST mars pictures?

Mavrick: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:40AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
well, I understand that the pathfinder mission was mainly testing new technology, what uses does the technology used in the pathfinder mission have on earth? (I cant type fast AND accuratly very well yet [G] but I can spell :)

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:44AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Roberto: Manned missions are very expensive and difficult to Mars, we'd be looking at several years for mission duration. I expect we'll know enough to attempt this in about 15-20 years. The question will be if the funding and long-term "will" can be committed to a manned mission. I guess the future will tell if we can pull this off...

RoseRock Homeschool: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:46AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Is it possible that a dust storm could endanger Pathfinder?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:46AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
RoseRock: The last Hubble Space Telescope (HST) view we had was on July 11. At that time, we didn't see any dust storms. We took some more HST images just yesterday, but I haven't seen those images yet. Keep an eye on the HST and Pathfinder web pages. We'll probably have these new pictures out in about a week.

Bojan: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:47AM PDT (-0700 GMT). . . [78 ]
When will HST take new picture of Mars?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:55AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Bojan: We just took new pictures yesterday. It'll take about a week for us to process those, and get them out to the public.

Stephanie/Edmonton: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:49AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Steve, when surveyor '98 orbiter is orbiting, will it be in a lower or higher orbit than MGS?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:58AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Stephanie: I think the MS'98 orbit will be similar to Mars Global Surveyor. The main difference will be the local time at which the spacecraft sees Mars. MGS will cross the equator at about 2pm Mars time; MS'98 will be about 4:30pm.

RoseRockHomeschool: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:50AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
How long will the rover last?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:59AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
RoseRock: Sojourner will last as long as its solar panel can provide power, or until a mechanical or electrical failure kills it. So far, it's going strong!

Mavrick:homeschool. . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:50AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
How is Pathfinder technology used here on Earth?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:50AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Mavrick: The main uses of Pathfinder technology on Earth are probably in the areas of "rovers." Sojurner shows that small rovers are possible -- these could be used to explore harsh areas on Earth, such as Antarctica and volvanoes, for example. Mostly, though, Pathfinder showed we could do a Mars mission for a relatively cheap price.

Mavrick: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:52AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
When we are looking for life on mars and such, does money really matter? We have the tech. to do a manned mission to mars, and I imagine, there probubly is a way to get to mars in 6 months if enough money is spent =)

Stephanie/Edmonton: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:53AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Sandy, is your bio on the web? Do you know Oran?

Sandy/NASA Chat Host: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:57AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Stephanie: No, my bio is not on the Web. I never thought about doing that! And, yes, I do know Oran! he sits about 10 feet away from me!

Mark Stokes: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:54AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Steve - do you know if the Rover was built to withstand the effects of dirt/dust on its equipment? For instance, did they sandblast it here to test it before sending it up?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:01AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Mark: I think the rover is well sealed to the Mars environment. Again, I expect the main issue will be dust accumulating on the solar panels, and so far that's been a very slow process.

RoseRockHomeschool: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:54AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Steve, will the dust storms endanger the pathfinder?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:54AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
RoseRock: The main danger of a dust storm near Pathfinder would be if dust settles on the spacecraft's solar panels. That would reduce the amount of solar power available.

Roberto/UMB: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:55AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
The link of asteroids that exists close to mars, could be a planet in last millions of years. The life could have existed there, not in mars?

Mavrick: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:56AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Why was solor power chosen as the main power source for pathfinder? Why not nuclear or hydrogen, or, why not use the martian surface as a fuel source?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:04AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Mavrick: The solar power source was chosen mainly to be lightweight and to use an essentially "off-the-shelf" and well-understood technology, therefore keeping costs as low as possible.

Vickie/Fitzgerald: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:56AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Stephanie: Could you tell me again where you go to find out how to make a paper modle!?

Stephanie/wongtong@connect.ab.ca: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:09AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Vickie, if it's still there, go to [www.jpl.nasa.gov] then click on spotlight. there you will find the link. The instructions are pretty confusing (even I can't finish the cruise stage!). Good luck! You can E-mail me if you want.

Stephanie/Edmonton: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:58AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Steve, will MarsQuest be touring out of the US?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:06AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Stephanie: MarsQuest will probably stay within the US, at least during its initial 3-year tour. That's because all of our funding (at least so far) has come from US sources.

Mavrick: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:58AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Is it allright if I ask a question that has bugging me that is nothing related to the pathfinder mision or NASA?

Sandy/NASA Chat Host: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:01AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Mavrick: No! This is a Mars-related chat only :-) NASA is sponsoring this WebChat for kids in kindergarten through grade 12. We try and do our best to keep the subjects interesting and current. Today's subject is Mars. Your questions so far have been good--let's keep them there!

Bojan: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 9:59AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
What will replace HST?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:08AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Bojan: Studies are underway for a "Next Generation Space Telescope" to replace HST. HST is designed to operate at least until the year 2005, so we've got some time to design a replacement. The only thing I know about a "future-HST" so far is that it'll probably have to cost ALOT less than HST...

RoseRockHomeschool: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:03AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
How was the site for Pathfinder decided?

Bojan: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:04AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
What what do you process HST pictures?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:13AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Bojan: HST processing requires alot of computer work. We apply many "calibrations" and also "clean up" known defects as well as get rid of artifacts due to cosmic rays. Once all that's done, we correct for the observing geometry, so we can make maps and color pictures.

Mavrick: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:06AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Before Pathfinder, how did we KNOW what the martian surface was made of, did we just guess on how it looks, or did the 2 earlyer viking probes give us firm information on what it is made of (which at that point in time I dont think could have been done without a labratory and a human..)?

Mavrick: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:07AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
What bandwidth do you use to transmit the pictures and other data back to earth from pathfinder?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:15AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Mavrick: The Pathfinder radio link is relatively slow -- I think it's typically 9600 "baud" or less. Depends on how high Earth is in the sky above the landing site, and what antennas are available on Earth.

Roberto/UMB: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:08AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Won't the life that existed in mars be under the surface for to the geologic and tectonic activities?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:17AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Roberto: If there is life on Mars, it's almost certainly under the surface now. The Martain climate is very harsh (low pressure, low temperature, high ultraviolet radiation), so the surface isn't very suitable for life at present. It may have been very different (warmer, and more atmosphere) a few billion years ago, though...

Stephanie/wongtong@connect.ab.ca: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:09AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Steve, how do you process a raw image to the final picture? I've seen raw to final pictures and the end result is great. Keep up the good work!

Mavrick: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:09AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
IF there is life on mars, it will most likely be deep under the surface...

Kristen/6th grade: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:10AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Was life found on mars?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:20AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Kristen: So far, there is no conclusive evidence for life on Mars. The tests run by the Viking landers 20 years ago were negative. The votes are still out on the possible "fossil bacteria" found in the Martian meteorite a year ago -- it's possible chemical reactions can cause the features seen.

Mavrick: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:12AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
No, and if there was I imagine that would be classified unless it was a microscopic organisim. I do however remember reading somthing like the 1980s about there being small plants on mars, but that was probubly a theory or somthing...

RoseRockHomeschool: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:13AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
ACtually, there possibly WAS microscopic life on mars about a million years ago.

Mavrick: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:14AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
A million years ago there were probubly fish on mars or maybe more heck, maybe WE came from mars hehehe.

Roberto/UMB: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:14AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
If the near planet existed to mars, I believe that the life could exist there.

Mavrick: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:14AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
We know so little about mars it is not even funny.

Stephanie/wongtong@connect.ab.ca: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:16AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Vickie, if you're going to E-mail david dubov for instructions to build the model, you better wait a long time I've mailed him months ago, and I still didn't get a reply yet.

Mavrick: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:16AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Can you give me the exact frequencys you use to transmit and recieve data?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:21AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Mavrick: Sorry, I don't know the frequencies. I just wait to get "computer files" once the data have been received on Earth.

Bojan: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:16AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
What are biggest differences between MARCI and MGS MOC?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:24AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Bojan: MOC has two color filters for its "low resolution" camera (blue and red), and no filter for its "high resolution" camera. MARCI will have about 5 filters for the low resolution, and maybe 10 filters for the higher resolution cameras, so we'll get much better color information back from MARCI.

Bojan: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:20AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
How well did the Engineered Multimedia Inc. in its animation present MARCI?

Stephanie/wongtong@connect.ab.ca: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:23AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Sandy, won't you be getting summer holidays this year? I was off school since June 21. And by the way, what time will the chats be during the school year? I hope it will be later so I can still participate.

Sandy/NASA Chat Host: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:26AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Stephanie: No summer vacation for me this year... too busy trying to keep the "Mars Team Online" project up to date with the Pathfinder and upcoming Global Surveyor! And besides, I'm having a lot of fun :-) I have a great job! Let me know what the best time is for you to do webchats once the school year starts. I'm open to ideas. The chats will definitely continue in the school year.

Sandy/NASA Chat Host: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:23AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
EVERYONE: Steve has to go back to work in about 5 minutes. Just another question or two before he has to leave...

RoseRockHomeschool: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:23AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
How long does it take for the Pathfinder to broadcast back to earth, or the rover?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:25AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Rose Rock: It takes about 10 minutes for Pathfinder's radio signals to travel from Mars back to Earth. The rover transmits to Pathfinder, which then relays those signals back to Earth.

Mark Stokes: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:24AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Thanks, Steve! Very interesting...I'll go check out the HST site now...

Megan : . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:24AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Steve, if the dust did cover the solar panels, is there anything you could do about it? Or would the MPF and Soujourner just slowly run out of power?

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:26AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Megan: Dust on the solar panels will probably slowly accumulate, so the power will slowly be reduced.

Bojan: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:25AM PDT (-0700 GMT). . . [137 ]
Do you think life on Mars will be found?

RoseRockHomeschool: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:26AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Thanks!

RoseRockHomeschool: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:26AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
See ya!

Bojan: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:27AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
With what computers and software do you process images?

Vickie/Fitzgerald: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:27AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Stephanie: Thanks!! My 5th and 6th graders will enjoy this!!

Megan : . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:27AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Alrighty, thanks a bunch!

Roberto/UMB: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:27AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Thanks Sandy for all.

Sandy/NASA Chat Host: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:28AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
EVERYONE: It's time for Steve to get back to his real job now. Thank you very much for all of your terrific questions. Please join us again next Monday at 10 a.m., Pacific for a chat with Mike Mellon.

A special thanks to Steve for your great answers and for taking the time to chat with us today. Hope you can do this again in the future :-)

Megan : . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:28AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Thanks for the great chat! Hope to see you all next time. Bye!

Steve Lee, U. Colorado: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:29AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Hi everyone: Boy, the hour sure went by fast -- sorry we don't have more time! Thanks for all the great questions, and I hope you'll keep up all of your interest in Mars! So long for now. Steve

Kristin/ 6th grade: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:34AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Thanks Steve!! This has been great!!

Stephanie/wongtong@connect.ab.ca: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:34AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Bye sandy and steve! Chat with you on Monday!

Bojan: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:35AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Was a great chat!

Sandy/NASA Chat Host: . . . . Tue, Aug 12, 10:44AM PDT (-0700 GMT)
Bye everyone! Chat with you on Monday at 10 a.m. Thanks for joining the chat today :-)