QUESTION:
What science will the Probe instruments return?

ANSWER from FAQ:
Galileo's Probe incorporates experiments to measure temperature
and pressure along the descent path, locate major cloud decks, and
analyze the chemistry of atmospheric gases. In addition, the Probe
will attempt to detect and study jovian lightning both by looking for
optical flashes and by listening for the radio "static" they generate.
The latter detector will also measure high-energy electrons close to
Jupiter just prior to atmospheric entry.