Helpful Hints

Wing Design

Each wing design has advantages and disadvantages. By viewing the planform (view from above or below), comparisons in shape and wing aspect ratio can easily be made.

 

The elliptical wing is ideal for flight at slow speeds since it has a minimum of drag for a given aspect ratio. But this type is difficult to construct. It would not be a good trainer because it's stall characteristics are not as favorable as a rectangular wing.

The rectangular wing is not as efficient as the elliptical wing. However, it has a tendency to stall first at the wing root (next to the fuselage) which provides stall warning and greater aileron control.

Tapering provides a decrease in drag and increase in lift which is most effective at high speeds. A highly tapered wing has a tendency to stall first slightly inboard of the wingtip. A good compromise for low-speed aircraft is a combination of both rectangular and tapered configurations. The rectangular inboard section provides good stall characteristics and is cost effective. The tapered outboard portion decreases weight and increases aspect ratio.